Given: Kinematic viscosity of the oil = 10^-5 m2/s Average surface roughness of iron = 0.25 mm Example 5 Example 6 A 6 cm diameter pipe has a discharge of 450L/min. Determine the flow rate of oil through the pipe. Example 4 Oil flows through a cast iron pipe of 250 mm diameter such that the loss of head over a pipe length of 100 m is 4 m of the oil. Note that kinematic viscosity of water at 15℃=1.14×10-5 m2/s and average surface roughness for galvanized steel=0.15 mm.Determine the loss of head due to friction. Example 3 Water at 15℃ flow through a 200m long galvanized steel pipe of diameter 250 mm and at 0.225 m3/s. Determine the Reynolds number of the water. Is the flow laminar or turbulent? Given that the density of glycerin is 1258kg/m 3 Exercise 2 Water at 15℃ with density, ρ=999kg/m^3 and the viscosity, μ =1.138 ×10^-3 kg/ms is flowing steadily in a 5cm diameter horizontal pipe made of stainless steel at a rate of 6 L/s. Water - Properties at Gas-Liquid Equilibrium Conditionsįigures and tables showing how the properties of water changes along the boiling/condensation curve (vapor pressure, density, viscosity, thermal conductivity, specific heat, Prandtl number, thermal diffusivity, entropy and enthalpy).EXAMPLES Exercise 1 A glycerin at 25 of viscosity, flows through a 150mm diameter pipe with the viscosity. Temperature and Pressureįigures and tables showing thermal diffusivity of liquid and gaseous propane at varying temperarure and pressure, SI and Imperial units. Temperature and Pressureįigures and tables with Prandtl Number of liquid and gaseous propane at varying temperarure and pressure, SI and Imperial units. Temperature and Pressureįigures and tables showing Prandtl number of nitrogen at varying temperarure and pressure, SI and Imperial units. Hot and cold water service systems - design properties, capacities, sizing and more. Thermodynamics of steam and condensate systems. Steam & condensate systems- properties, capacities, pipe sizing, systems configuration and more. Material properties of gases, fluids and solids - densities, specific heats, viscosities and more. Involving velocity, pressure, density and temperature as functions of space and time. Prandtl number of water at given temperatures and 1, 10 and 100 bara (14.5, 1 psia): Water - Prandtl Number vs. Temperature at Atmospheric Pressure State Prandtl number of water at atmospheric pressure, temperature given as K, ☌ or ☏: Water - Prandtl Number vs. Prandtl number of water at 1, 10 and 100 bara (14.5, 1 psia), varying temperature given as ☌ or ☏: Prandtl number of water at 1 bara pressure, varying temperature given as ☌ or ☏: See also other properties of Water at varying temperature and pressure: Boiling points at high pressure, Boiling points at vacuum pressure, Density and specific weight, Dynamic and kinematic viscosity, Enthalpy and entropy, Heat of vaporization, Ionization Constant, pK w, of normal and heavy water, Melting points at high pressure, Properties at Gas-Liquid Equilibrium Conditions, Saturation pressure, Specific gravity, Specific heat (heat capacity), Specific volume, Thermal conductivity, Thermal diffusivity and Vapour pressure at gas-liquid equilibrium, and Thermophysical properties at standard conditions,Īs well as Prandtl number of Air, Ammonia, Carbon dioxide, Methane, Nitrogen and Propane. K = thermal conductivity, īelow, Prandtl numbers of water at varying temperatures and 1, 10 and 100 bara (14.5, 1 psia) are given in figures and tables. Μ = absolute or dynamic viscosity, Ĭ p = specific heat, The Prandtl number can for calculations be expressed as The Prandtl Number - Pr - is a dimensionless number approximating the ratio of momentum diffusivity (kinematic viscosity) to thermal diffusivity - and is often used in heat transfer and free and forced convection calculations.
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